Air freight
The fastest way to transport goods over long distances and at the same time the most expensive kind of logistics services. Usually, air freight is a multi-modal transportation service consisting of picking up cargo from the sender, terminal handling at the departure airport, the flight itself, terminal handling at the destination airport, delivery to the recipient. To some extent, this service is considered to be the most popular. Certain lines make flights between certain airports, therefore, the concept of “flight” may include several cargo movements with intermediate overloads. Various types of aircraft are used on various routes, which imposes serious restrictions on the overall and mass characteristics of the cargo.
Sea freight
Not very fast, but an inexpensive kind of freight transport. The only way of transcontinental transportation of goods, which due to their characteristics (heavy, bulky, dangerous, etc.) cannot be transported by air. In fact, the logistics process is somewhat akin to the airfreight. Like air, sea transport, as a rule, is multi-modal and implemented on certain shipping lines’ routes. Transportation of various types of cargo by sea is carried out in specialized standard containers. For goods not subject to containerization for any reason, there is a wide range of specialized equipment and ships for their transportation. It is one of the most popular ways of providing logistics services.
Auto transportation
The most common way of delivery. Autologistic services are used by many. And for good reason. It offers both a lot of different routes and different costs. For short distances the fastest and cheapest of all the services in transportation. As an element is included in virtually any transport. There is a variety of different vehicles for transporting various cargos. Transportation is carried out in accordance with the TIR/TIR Convention rules and ASMAP. It is the main way of logistics services.
Rail transportation
Taking into account the dimensions and characteristics of the regional arrangement of the Russian Federation, it is necessary and, in some cases, irreplaceable way of the ground transportation of containerized and conventional cargos. If there is competition from auto transport, it is economically expedient on long distances. The disadvantages are serious «clumsiness» and bureaucratization of the structure of «RZHD» and the limited application in case of international shipments due to differences in track width with our major foreign partners (Western Europe, China). Railway logistics services are, nevertheless, common in Russia.